Amortization Schedule

Amortization Schedule Calculator

Every rupee of your loan, year by year.

See how every EMI splits between principal and interest — cumulative chart, year-by-year and month-by-month schedule with PDF and Excel export.

Cumulative P vs I ChartShared EMI EngineYearly & Monthly SchedulePDF + Excel Export100% Private

Loan type

Loan amount
₹35.00 L
₹1.00 L₹10.00 Cr
Interest rate (p.a.)
%
8.50 % per annum
0%30%
Loan tenure
20 years
yrs
1 yr40 yrs

Monthly EMI

Rs 30,374

Total Interest

₹37.90 L

Total Repayment

₹72.90 L

Closes

Aug 2046

Cumulative

Principal vs Interest over time

Balance overlay

Year-by-year summary

YearPrincipalInterestBalance
1₹69.7 K₹2.95 L₹34.30 L
2₹75.8 K₹2.89 L₹33.55 L
3₹82.5 K₹2.82 L₹32.72 L
4₹89.8 K₹2.75 L₹31.82 L
5₹97.7 K₹2.67 L₹30.84 L
6₹1.06 L₹2.58 L₹29.78 L
7₹1.16 L₹2.49 L₹28.62 L
8₹1.26 L₹2.38 L₹27.36 L
9₹1.37 L₹2.27 L₹25.99 L
10₹1.49 L₹2.15 L₹24.50 L
11₹1.62 L₹2.02 L₹22.87 L
12₹1.77 L₹1.88 L₹21.10 L
13₹1.92 L₹1.72 L₹19.18 L
14₹2.09 L₹1.55 L₹17.08 L
15₹2.28 L₹1.36 L₹14.80 L
16₹2.48 L₹1.16 L₹12.32 L
17₹2.70 L₹94.4 K₹9.62 L
18₹2.94 L₹70.5 K₹6.68 L
19₹3.20 L₹44.5 K₹3.48 L
20₹3.48 L₹16.2 K₹0

Calculation assumptions

How these numbers are computed

Transparency by design. These are the rules and simplifications used by the EMI360 calculator.

Standard reducing-balance EMI formula

EMI = P × r × (1+r)^n / ((1+r)^n − 1), where P is principal, r is monthly interest rate and n is number of months.

Monthly compounding

Interest is calculated on the outstanding principal at the start of each month.

Constant interest rate

The rate you enter is assumed constant across the tenure. Floating-rate loans may vary with lender resets and RBI policy.

Prepayments reduce tenure

Extra payments (monthly, periodic and one-time) are applied fully to principal — tenure shortens, EMI stays the same.

Step-up EMI applied annually

Every 12 months your total monthly outflow (base EMI + any recurring extra) grows by the step-up %, mirroring salary hikes. The extra amount above the original EMI is applied straight to principal.

Taxes, insurance and lender charges excluded

Processing fees, stamp duty, property taxes, GST, MODT, insurance and legal charges are not included unless entered explicitly.

Estimates for planning only

Actual amortization from your bank may differ slightly because of business-day rounding, disbursement timing and lender-specific conventions.

Overview

About the Amortization Schedule

The amortization schedule is the loan's actual story. The EMI is a single flat number, but underneath it, every instalment splits into interest and principal in a ratio that changes each month — and that ratio determines everything: how fast you build equity, whether prepayment is still worth it, and what you would owe if you sold or refinanced tomorrow.

This tool prints the whole table: month by month, both components, running balance, and a year-wise summary you can actually read. Most borrowers see this document once, buried in a sanction packet, and never again. It is the most useful page in the entire loan file.

Worked example

Worked example: ₹10 L at 9% over 7 years — where the money goes

Monthly EMI
₹16,089
Year 1 interest
₹85,640
Year 1 principal
₹1,07,429
Year 4 balance
₹5,05,950
Year 7 interest
₹9,092
Total interest
₹3,51,483

A ₹10 L loan at 9% over 7 years carries an EMI of ₹16,089. In year one you pay ₹1,93,069 in instalments: ₹85,640 goes to interest and ₹1,07,429 reduces the balance, leaving ₹8,92,571 outstanding. By year seven the same ₹1,93,069 of instalments contains just ₹9,092 of interest — the other ₹1,83,977 clears the loan.

Watch the balance trajectory rather than the EMI: ₹8,92,571 after year 1, ₹7,75,065 after year 2, ₹6,46,536 after year 3, ₹5,05,950 after year 4. Halfway through the tenure in time, you have repaid slightly more than half the principal — a much healthier curve than a 20-year loan, where the halfway point still leaves roughly 70% outstanding.

That difference is the whole reason tenure matters. On this 7-year schedule the principal component already exceeds the interest component in month one. On a 20-year home loan at similar rates, that crossover doesn't happen until around year nine. The shorter the tenure, the earlier every rupee starts working on the debt instead of the interest.

Practical use: find the row for the month you are considering a sale, refinance or balance transfer, and read the outstanding balance. That figure — not the original loan amount — is what a new lender is being asked to take over, and what a foreclosure charge is calculated on.

The maths

How it’s calculated

Interest(m) = Balance(m−1) × r; Principal(m) = EMI − Interest(m); Balance(m) = Balance(m−1) − Principal(m)

Three lines, repeated once per month for the whole tenure. Interest is charged on the previous month's closing balance, whatever remains of the EMI reduces the principal, and the new balance carries forward. Because the balance falls every month, the interest line shrinks and the principal line grows by exactly the same amount — the EMI itself never moves.

This schedule is computed at the rupee level rather than approximated, so the totals tie out to the last instalment, which is typically a few rupees different from the rest to clear residual balance. Real lender statements can differ marginally because of business-day conventions, the disbursal-date to first-EMI gap (pre-EMI interest), and any rate reset on a floating loan — none of which change the structure you see here.

What moves the number

What changes the shape of your schedule

  • Tenure

    The main driver of the interest-to-principal curve. Short tenures front-load principal; long tenures front-load interest and delay the crossover point by years.

  • Interest rate

    A higher rate not only raises the EMI but pushes the crossover month later, so equity builds more slowly at every point in the loan.

  • Rate resets on floating loans

    When the repo moves, lenders usually hold the EMI and extend the tenure. Your schedule silently gets longer — ask for a revised statement after every reset.

  • Prepayments

    Any extra payment rewrites the table from that month onward, pulling the balance down and shortening the remaining schedule.

  • Pre-EMI period

    Between disbursal and the first full EMI, many lenders charge interest-only payments. Those months reduce nothing and don't appear in a standard schedule.

  • Part-disbursement on under-construction property

    Where funds release in tranches, the schedule only stabilises after full disbursal — earlier months are interest on a partial principal.

Related tool

Next: rewrite the schedule with a prepayment

Reading the table usually produces the same reaction: too much of the early money is interest. The schedule is fixed only if you make exactly the contracted payment — any extra towards principal redraws every row after it.

The Prepayment Calculator regenerates the full amortization with a recurring top-up, a lump sum, or both, and reports the exact months saved and interest removed against the baseline table you just read.

Open the Prepayment Calculator
Avoid these

Common mistakes

  • Assuming the EMI splits evenly between interest and principal — in the early years of a long loan it barely touches the principal.
  • Estimating the payoff amount from the original loan value instead of reading the outstanding balance from the schedule.
  • Not requesting a fresh schedule after a rate reset, prepayment or tenure change.
  • Believing you own most of the property halfway through a 20-year loan — the balance is typically still around 70%.
  • Claiming Section 24(b) and 80C deductions from the EMI total rather than the interest and principal components in the schedule.
  • Ignoring pre-EMI interest paid during construction, which reduces no principal at all.
How it works

Understand every number

What is a loan amortization schedule?

A month-by-month or year-by-year breakdown of every EMI, split into interest and principal, along with the running outstanding balance. It tells you exactly where each rupee of every EMI goes across the life of the loan.

Why does interest dominate early EMIs?

Interest is charged on the outstanding balance. In year one the balance is highest, so a large share of each EMI is interest and only a sliver is principal. As the balance shrinks, interest falls and principal rises — the crossover point is typically 55-70% of the way through the tenure.

When does principal overtake interest?

On a 20-year home loan at 8.5%, the monthly principal component overtakes interest around year 11-12. On shorter loans (car / personal), it happens earlier — sometimes as early as year 2-3. The cumulative principal-vs-interest chart on this page shows the exact crossover point for your loan.

How to use the schedule to plan prepayments

Look at the balance column. A prepayment applied early — when the balance is still high — eliminates far more future interest than the same amount applied late. That is why lump sums in the first 25% of the tenure save disproportionately more than the same lump sum in the last 25%.

Yearly summary vs monthly schedule

The yearly summary is easier to scan and share; the monthly schedule is what you need for tax filings (Section 24(b) interest and Section 80C principal on home loans) and for auditing lender statements. This calculator generates both.

FAQ

Frequently asked

An EMI Calculator gives you the monthly instalment and total interest. An Amortization Schedule shows the full month-by-month or year-by-year breakdown — how much of each EMI is interest vs principal and what the outstanding balance is at every point. Same underlying math; the schedule is the detailed view.

It should match to within a few rupees. Both use the RBI-standard reducing-balance formula. Small differences come from business-day rounding, EMI date offsets from disbursal date, or lender-specific conventions. If your statement differs by more than a few hundred rupees, ask the lender for the calculation basis.

Yes. Pick the loan type at the top and the default amount, rate and tenure adjust to typical values for that product. The amortization math is identical across products — only the defaults change.

The running total of principal repaid and interest paid up to each month. In year one, cumulative interest often exceeds cumulative principal by 3-4x. The crossover — where cumulative principal overtakes cumulative interest — is a key milestone: from there on, more of what you paid so far is going into equity, not into the bank's pocket.

Yes. Download PDF generates a branded EMI360 Amortization Report with the summary, year-by-year table and cumulative chart. Download Excel exports the full month-by-month schedule as a CSV file that opens directly in Excel, Numbers or Google Sheets.

Every prepayment cuts the outstanding balance immediately, so future interest is computed on the smaller balance — the schedule from that month forward is regenerated with less interest per EMI and a shorter total tenure. To see this, use the Prepayment Calculator on the site; it uses the same engine and gives you a side-by-side amortization.

It's the outstanding principal times the monthly rate. On a Rs 50 L home loan at 8.5%, the first month's interest is 50,00,000 x 8.5/12/100 = Rs 35,417 — so if the EMI is Rs 43,391, only Rs 7,974 goes to principal in month one.

It doesn't for a standard fixed-rate loan without prepayments — yearly EMI total is exactly EMI x 12 (or fewer months if the loan closes mid-year). If your schedule shows a difference, it's usually the final year (loan closes before month 12) or a prepayment that dropped the final EMI.

Yes. The monthly (or yearly) interest column is your Section 24(b) claim on a self-occupied home loan — up to Rs 2 L per year. The principal column is your Section 80C claim — up to Rs 1.5 L per year. Download the PDF and hand it to your CA, or import the CSV into any tax utility.

No. The schedule is computed entirely in your browser. Nothing is uploaded, stored or shared.